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Radiation Dose Converter
About This Tool
Radiation Dose Converter is a professional online radiation dose unit converter. Radiation dose measures the energy deposited by ionizing radiation in matter (absorbed dose) or the biological effect on the human body (equivalent dose), with important applications in radiological medicine, nuclear industry, radiation protection, and environmental monitoring. This tool supports fast conversion among 10 common radiation dose units including Gray (Gy), Sievert (Sv), Rad (rad), and Rem (rem). All calculations are performed locally in your browser, ensuring your data privacy.
How to Use
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Enter a value
Type the value you want to convert in the input field above. Integer, decimal, and scientific notation (e.g.,
1.5e-3) are all supported. -
Choose the unit
Select the unit that corresponds to your current value from the "Source Unit" dropdown (e.g., Gy, Sv, rad, etc.).
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View results
Click the "Convert" button to see all 10 unit conversion results simultaneously in the results area below. Use the copy button next to each result to copy it individually.
Use Cases
- Radiological Medicine: Doctors and radiology technicians need to convert equipment dose readings (e.g., mGy) to equivalent dose (mSv) to assess examination safety and radiation risk for patients.
- Nuclear Industry & Radiation Protection: Nuclear power plant workers and radiation protection engineers need to convert monitoring readings between different units to ensure radiation exposure remains within regulatory limits.
- Research & Education: Physics, nuclear science, and medical physics students and researchers need quick conversion between different unit systems when performing dose calculations and experimental data analysis.
Key Advantages
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Free Daily Allowance
Free daily usage credits are provided so casual, light conversion needs can be met at zero cost without paying for occasional use.
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Privacy & Security
All conversions run entirely in your browser. Your input values are never uploaded to any server, protecting your data privacy 100%.
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Comprehensive Coverage
Supports 10 radiation dose units including Gy, Sv, rad, and rem. Enter a value once and instantly see results in every unit, meeting medical, nuclear, and many other needs.
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Ready to Use
No installation or registration required. Open your browser and use it directly on computers, phones, and tablets across all platforms.
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Simple & Easy
Enter a value, choose a unit, and convert in just three steps. Results are clearly displayed and can be copied with one click.
Radiation Dose Unit Conversion Relationships
The table below lists all radiation dose units supported by this tool and their conversion relationships to the Gray (Gy). The Gray is the SI standard unit for absorbed dose, defined as the absorption of 1 joule of radiation energy per kilogram of matter.
| Unit Name | Abbreviation | Conversion Relationship | Equivalent to 1 Gy |
|---|---|---|---|
| Gray | Gy | 1 Gy = 1 J/kg | 1 |
| Milligray | mGy | 1 mGy = 10⁻³ Gy | 0.001 |
| Microgray | μGy | 1 μGy = 10⁻⁶ Gy | 0.000001 |
| Rad | rad | 1 rad = 0.01 Gy | 0.01 |
| Millirad | mrad | 1 mrad = 10⁻³ rad = 10⁻⁵ Gy | 0.00001 |
| Sievert | Sv | 1 Sv = 1 Gy (X/γ射线) | 1 |
| Millisievert | mSv | 1 mSv = 10⁻³ Sv | 0.001 |
| Microsievert | μSv | 1 μSv = 10⁻⁶ Sv | 0.000001 |
| Rem | rem | 1 rem = 0.01 Sv | 0.01 |
| Millirem | mrem | 1 mrem = 10⁻³ rem | 0.00001 |
The Difference Between Gray (Gy) and Sievert (Sv)
The Gray (Gy) is a physical unit of absorbed dose, measuring how much energy matter has absorbed from radiation — it is purely a physical quantity. The Sievert (Sv) is a unit of equivalent dose / effective dose, which considers not only the absorbed energy but also the degree of biological damage caused by different radiation types to living tissue.
For example, absorbing 1 Gy of alpha particle radiation causes far greater biological damage than absorbing 1 Gy of X-rays. To reflect this difference, the radiation weighting factor (WR) is introduced: equivalent dose = absorbed dose × WR. For X-rays, gamma rays, and beta rays, WR = 1, so numerically 1 Gy = 1 Sv; for alpha particles, WR = 20, meaning 1 Gy of alpha radiation equals 20 Sv of equivalent dose.
| Radiation Type | Equivalent Dose Unit | Radiation Weighting Factor WR |
|---|---|---|
| X射线 / γ射线 | Sv | 1 |
| β射线（电子） | Sv | 1 |
| 质子 | Sv | 2 |
| α粒子 | Sv | 20 |
| 中子（快中子） | Sv | 5 ~ 20 |
Radiation Dose Reference Values in Daily Life
The following table lists radiation dose reference values for common scenarios, helping you intuitively understand the meaning of different dose levels. Note that these values are in Sievert (Sv) or Millisievert (mSv).
| Source / Scenario | Typical Dose |
|---|---|
| Eating one banana | 0.05 ~ 0.1 μSv |
| Dental X-ray | 0.1 μSv |
| Flight from Beijing to New York (one way) | 5 ~ 10 μSv |
| Chest X-ray | 0.02 mSv |
| Full-body CT scan | 0.1 mSv |
| Natural background radiation (global average annual dose) | 2.4 mSv/年 |
| Occupational annual dose limit for radiation workers | 6 ~ 10 mSv |
| Public annual dose limit (excluding medical exposure) | 50 mSv/年 |
FAQ
For X-rays, gamma rays, and beta rays, since the radiation weighting factor is 1, numerically 1 Gy = 1 Sv, and they can be approximately interchanged. However, for alpha particles, neutrons, protons, and other high-LET radiation, the weighting factor is greater than 1, so they cannot be directly interchanged. This tool uses the default assumption of WR = 1 (applicable to the most common X-ray/gamma ray scenarios). For precise conversion, please manually multiply by the appropriate weighting factor based on the actual radiation type.
Absorbed dose (unit: Gy) measures the energy absorbed per unit mass of matter from ionizing radiation — it is a purely physical quantity. Equivalent dose (unit: Sv) multiplies the absorbed dose by a radiation weighting factor, reflecting the relative biological effectiveness of different radiation types on living tissue. Simply put, Gy answers "how much energy was absorbed," while Sv answers "how much harm was done to the body."
Rad and Rem are traditional non-SI radiation dose units, primarily used in older literature and some national standards. Conversion: 1 rad = 0.01 Gy (absorbed dose), 1 rem = 0.01 Sv (equivalent dose). Although international standards recommend using Gy and Sv, some countries still use these traditional units in radiation protection contexts.
No. All conversion calculations are performed entirely locally in your browser. Your input data never leaves your device, so there is no need to worry about privacy leaks or data security issues.
Yes. You can enter values in scientific notation format, such as 3.7e10 (representing 3.7 × 10¹⁰) or 1.5e-3 (representing 0.0015). This is very practical for very large or very small radiation dose values.
Humans are constantly exposed to natural background radiation, with a global average annual effective dose of approximately 2.4 mSv. A single chest X-ray is about 0.02 mSv, and a long-haul flight is about 0.01–0.05 mSv. The public annual dose limit (excluding medical exposure) is 1 mSv, while the occupational annual dose limit for radiation workers is 50 mSv (with a five-year average of 20 mSv/year).
A radiation dose converter is an online tool for converting between radiation dose units. It helps users quickly convert between common units such as Gray (Gy), Sievert (Sv), Rad (rad), and Rem (rem), serving fields like radiological medicine, nuclear industry, and radiation protection — with no software installation required.
10 common radiation dose units are supported. These include Gray (Gy), Milligray (mGy), Microgray (μGy), Rad (rad), Millirad (mrad), Sievert (Sv), Millisievert (mSv), Microsievert (μSv), Rem (rem), and Millirem (mrem), covering the main systems for both absorbed dose and equivalent dose.
Conversion is instant. All calculations run locally in your browser, so after entering a value and clicking convert, results for all 10 units appear immediately with no waiting — ideal for scenarios that require frequent conversion.
Yes, fully mobile-friendly. This tool works in browsers on computers, phones, and tablets with a responsive layout that adapts to different screen sizes, so you can convert radiation dose units anywhere, anytime.
It is faster, more comprehensive, and more convenient than traditional conversion tables. No manual table lookup is needed — enter a value to instantly see all 10 unit conversions at once, with results auto-formatted and one-click copy, eliminating the issues of outdated or hard-to-carry paper tables.
Results are accurate and reliable. Strict mathematical conversion relationships are used between units, with decimal parts kept to up to 6 significant places — more than sufficient for the vast majority of applications in radiological medicine and radiation protection.
Content last updated：2026-08-06
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